Jiří Filip Apple a yau ya sanar da canje-canje ga iOS, Safari da App Store waɗanda ke tasiri aikace-aikacen da masu haɓaka Tarayyar Turai (EU) suka kirkira don bin Dokar Kasuwan Dijital (DMA). Canje-canjen sun haɗa da sabbin APIs sama da 600, ingantattun ƙididdigar ƙa'idodi, fasalulluka don madadin masu bincike, da sarrafa biyan kuɗi da ikon rarraba ƙa'idar don iOS. A matsayin wani ɓangare na kowane canji, Apple yana gabatar da sabbin tsare-tsare waɗanda ke rage - amma ba su kawar da su ba - sabbin haɗarin da DMA ke haifarwa ga masu amfani a cikin EU. Tare da waɗannan matakan, Apple zai ci gaba da samar da mafi kyawun ayyuka mafi aminci ga masu amfani a cikin EU.
Sabbin hanyoyin sarrafa biyan kuɗi da damar saukar da app a cikin iOS suna buɗe sabbin damar don malware, zamba da zamba, abubuwan da ba na doka ba da cutarwa, da sauran barazanar sirri da tsaro. Shi ya sa Apple ke sanya abubuwan kariya - gami da sanarwar sanarwar app ta iOS, izinin masu haɓaka kasuwa da sauran bayyanawar biyan kuɗi - don rage haɗari da samar da mafi kyawun ƙwarewa mafi aminci ga masu amfani da EU. Ko da bayan an samar da waɗannan ka'idodin, haɗarin da yawa sun rage.
Masu haɓakawa za su iya koyo game da waɗannan canje-canje akan shafin tallafi na masu haɓaka Apple kuma suna iya fara gwada sabbin fasalulluka a cikin iOS 17.4 beta a yau. Sabbin abubuwan za su kasance ga masu amfani a cikin ƙasashen EU 27 daga Maris 2024.
" Canje-canjen da muke shelanta a yau sun yi daidai da buƙatun Dokar Kasuwar Dijital a cikin Tarayyar Turai, yayin da ke taimakawa don kare masu amfani da EU daga haɓaka sirrin da babu makawa da barazanar tsaro da wannan ƙa'ida ta haifar. Babban fifikonmu ya rage don ƙirƙirar yanayi mafi kyau kuma mafi aminci ga masu amfani da mu a cikin EU da kuma a duk faɗin duniya, "in ji Phil Schiller, wani abokin tarayya a Apple. “Masu haɓakawa yanzu za su iya koyo game da sabbin kayan aiki da sharuɗɗan da ke akwai don madadin rarraba aikace-aikacen da madadin sarrafa biyan kuɗi, sabon madadin mai bincike da zaɓuɓɓukan biyan kuɗi mara lamba, da ƙari. Abin da ke da mahimmanci shi ne masu haɓakawa za su iya zaɓar su tsaya tare da sharuɗɗan kasuwanci iri ɗaya kamar yadda suke a yau idan hakan ya dace da su. ”
Canje-canje na aikace-aikacen EU suna nuna alamar Hukumar Turai ta iOS, Safari da App Store a matsayin "mahimman sabis na dandamali" ƙarƙashin Dokar Kasuwan Dijital. A cikin Maris, Apple zai raba sabbin albarkatu don taimakawa masu amfani da EU su fahimci canje-canjen da za su iya tsammani. Waɗannan sun haɗa da jagora don taimaka wa masu amfani da EU su kewaya abubuwan da suka haifar da canje-canje ga Dokar Platform Digital - gami da ƙarancin ƙwarewar mai amfani - da mafi kyawun ayyuka kan yadda ake kusanci sabbin haɗarin da ke da alaƙa da zazzagewar app da sarrafa biyan kuɗi a wajen App Store.
Akwai don ƙa'idodin masu haɓakawa a duk duniya, Apple kuma ya sanar da sabbin damar yawo game da fiye da 50 masu zuwa a fagage kamar haɗin gwiwa, kasuwanci, amfani da app da ƙari.
Canje-canje a cikin iOS
A cikin EU, Apple yana yin canje-canje da yawa zuwa iOS don biyan bukatun DMA. Ga masu haɓakawa, waɗannan canje-canje sun haɗa da sabbin zaɓuɓɓuka don rarraba ƙa'idodi. Canje-canje masu zuwa ga iOS a cikin EU sun haɗa da:
Sabbin zaɓuɓɓuka don rarraba kayan aikin iOS daga madadin kasuwanni - gami da sabbin APIs da kayan aikin don ƙyale masu haɓakawa su ba da kayan aikin su na iOS don zazzagewa daga madadin kasuwanni.
Wani sabon tsari da API don ƙirƙirar madadin kasuwannin app - ba da damar masu haɓaka kasuwa su shigar da ƙa'idodi da sarrafa ɗaukakawa a madadin sauran masu haɓakawa daga ƙa'idar kasuwar su ta keɓe.
Sabbin tsare-tsare da APIs don madadin masu bincike - ƙyale masu haɓakawa su yi amfani da masu bincike ban da WebKit don aikace-aikacen burauza da ƙa'idodi tare da ƙwarewar binciken cikin-app.
Form Neman Interaperability - Masu haɓakawa na iya shigar da ƙarin buƙatun don haɗin kai tare da kayan aikin iPhone da iOS da fasalin software anan.
Kamar yadda Hukumar Tarayyar Turai ta sanar, Apple kuma yana raba sauye-sauyen yarda da DMA waɗanda ke tasiri biyan kuɗi mara amfani. Wannan ya haɗa da sabon API da ke ƙyale masu haɓakawa suyi amfani da fasahar NFC a cikin aikace-aikacen banki da wallet a cikin Yankin Tattalin Arziƙin Turai. Kuma a cikin EU, Apple yana ƙaddamar da sababbin sarrafawa waɗanda ke ba masu amfani damar zaɓar aikace-aikacen ɓangare na uku - ko madadin kasuwar aikace-aikacen - azaman tsohuwar ƙa'idarsu don biyan kuɗi mara amfani.
Sabbin zaɓuɓɓuka don ƙa'idodin masu haɓaka EU ba makawa suna haifar da sabbin haɗari ga masu amfani da Apple da na'urorinsu. Apple ba zai iya kawar da waɗannan haɗari ba, amma zai ɗauki matakai don rage su a cikin iyakokin da DMA ta tsara. Waɗannan kariyar za su kasance a wurin da zarar masu amfani za su sauke iOS 17.4 ko kuma daga baya, farawa daga Maris, kuma sun haɗa da:
Notarization na iOS aikace-aikace - iko na asali wanda ya shafi duk aikace-aikace ba tare da la'akari da tashar rarraba su ba, mayar da hankali kan amincin dandamali da kariyar mai amfani. Sanarwa ta ƙunshi haɗaɗɗen cak na atomatik da bita na ɗan adam.
Shafukan shigarwa na aikace-aikacen - waɗanda ke amfani da bayanai daga tsarin notarization don samar da bayyananniyar bayanin ƙa'idodi da fasalulluka kafin zazzagewa, gami da haɓakawa, hotunan allo, da sauran mahimman bayanai.
Izini ga masu haɓakawa a cikin kasuwanni - don tabbatar da cewa masu haɓakawa a cikin kasuwanni sun ƙaddamar da buƙatun ci gaba waɗanda ke taimakawa kare masu amfani da masu haɓakawa.
Ƙarin kariya daga malware – wanda ke hana manhajojin iOS aiki idan aka gano suna dauke da malware bayan an sanya su a na’urar mai amfani.
Waɗannan kariyar - gami da notarization app na iOS da izinin haɓaka kasuwa - suna taimakawa rage wasu haɗari ga keɓantawa da amincin masu amfani da iOS a cikin EU. Wannan ya haɗa da barazana kamar malware ko lambar ɓarna, da kuma haɗarin shigar ƙa'idodin da ke gurbata aikin su ko mai haɓakawa.
Koyaya, Apple yana da ƙarancin ikon magance wasu haɗari-ciki har da aikace-aikacen da ke ɗauke da zamba, yaudara, da cin zarafi, ko fallasa masu amfani ga abubuwan da ba na doka ba, marasa dacewa, ko cutarwa. Bugu da ƙari, aikace-aikacen da ke amfani da madadin masu bincike - ban da Apple's WebKit - na iya yin mummunan tasiri ga ƙwarewar mai amfani, gami da tasiri akan aikin tsarin da rayuwar baturi.
A cikin iyakokin da DMA ta saita, Apple ya himmatu don kare sirri, tsaro da ingancin ƙwarewar mai amfani da iOS a cikin EU gwargwadon yiwuwa. Misali, Bayanin Bibiyar App zai ci gaba da yin aiki don ƙa'idodin da aka rarraba a wajen Store ɗin App-yana buƙatar izinin mai amfani kafin mai haɓakawa ya iya bin bayanan su a cikin ƙa'idodi ko kan gidajen yanar gizo. Koyaya, buƙatun DMA suna nufin fasalulluka na Store Store - gami da raba siyayyar dangi da Neman Siyan fasali - ba za su dace da ƙa'idodin da aka sauke a wajen App Store ba.
Lokacin da waɗannan canje-canjen suka fara aiki a cikin Maris, Apple zai raba ƙarin cikakkun bayanai game da zaɓuɓɓukan da ke akwai ga masu amfani - gami da mafi kyawun ayyuka don kare sirrin su da amincin su.
Canje-canje a cikin Safari browser
A yau, masu amfani da iOS sun riga sun sami zaɓi don saita aikace-aikacen banda Safari azaman tsoho mai binciken gidan yanar gizon su. Dangane da buƙatun DMA, Apple kuma yana gabatar da sabon allon zaɓi wanda ke bayyana lokacin da kuka fara buɗe Safari a cikin iOS 17.4 ko kuma daga baya. Wannan allon yana motsa masu amfani da EU don zaɓar tsoffin burauzar su daga jerin zaɓuɓɓuka.
Wannan canjin sakamakon buƙatun DMA ne kuma yana nufin cewa masu amfani da EU za su fuskanci jerin tsoffin masu bincike kafin su sami damar fahimtar zaɓuɓɓukan da ke gare su. Allon zai kuma katse kwarewar masu amfani da EU lokacin da suka fara buɗe Safari da niyyar zuwa shafin yanar gizon.
Canje-canje a cikin App Store
A cikin Store Store, Apple yana raba jerin canje-canje ga masu haɓaka app na EU waɗanda ke amfani da ƙa'idodi a cikin tsarin aiki na Apple - gami da iOS, iPadOS, macOS, watchOS da tvOS. Canje-canjen kuma sun haɗa da sabbin bayanai da ke sanar da masu amfani a cikin EU game da haɗarin da ke tattare da amfani da wasu hanyoyin amintaccen sarrafa biyan kuɗi a cikin App Store.
Ga masu haɓakawa, waɗannan canje-canje sun haɗa da:
- Sabbin hanyoyi don amfani da masu ba da sabis na biyan kuɗi (PSP) – a cikin aikace-aikacen mai haɓakawa don aiwatar da biyan kuɗi don kayayyaki da ayyuka na dijital.
- Sabbin zaɓuɓɓukan sarrafa biyan kuɗi ta hanyar haɗin kai – lokacin da masu amfani za su iya kammala ma'amala don kayayyaki da ayyuka na dijital akan gidan yanar gizon masu haɓakawa na waje. Masu haɓakawa kuma za su iya sanar da masu amfani a cikin EU game da haɓakawa, rangwame da sauran tayin da ake samu a wajen aikace-aikacen su.
- Kayan aiki don tsara kasuwanci - don masu haɓakawa don kimanta kudade kuma su fahimci ma'auni masu alaƙa da sabbin sharuɗɗan kasuwanci na Apple don ƙa'idodin EU.
- Canje-canjen kuma sun haɗa da sabbin matakai don karewa da sanar da masu amfani a cikin EU, gami da: alamu akan shafukan samfurin App Store - wanda ke sanar da masu amfani cewa app ɗin da suke zazzagewa yana amfani da wasu hanyoyin sarrafa biyan kuɗi.
- Takardar bayanai a cikin aikace-aikace - wanda ke sanar da masu amfani lokacin da ba sa mu'amala da Apple da kuma lokacin da mai haɓakawa ya nuna su yin mu'amala tare da madadin biyan kuɗi.
- Sabbin hanyoyin duba aikace-aikace - don tabbatar da cewa masu haɓakawa suna ba da rahoto daidai game da ma'amaloli waɗanda ke amfani da madadin na'urori na biyan kuɗi.
- Faɗaɗɗen ɗaukar bayanai akan gidan yanar gizon Apple Data & Privacy - inda masu amfani da EU za su iya samun sabbin bayanai game da amfani da App Store kuma su fitar da su zuwa wani izni na uku.
Don aikace-aikacen da ke amfani da madadin hanyoyin sarrafa biyan kuɗi, Apple ba zai iya ba da kuɗi ba kuma zai zama ƙasa da ikon tallafawa abokan cinikin da suka fuskanci matsaloli, zamba ko zamba. Waɗannan ma'amaloli kuma ba za su nuna fa'idodi masu fa'ida na App Store ba, kamar Ba da rahoton matsala, Raba Iyali, da Neman siya. Masu amfani na iya raba bayanin biyan kuɗinsu tare da wasu ɓangarori, ƙirƙirar ƙarin dama ga miyagu ƴan wasan kwaikwayo don satar bayanan kuɗi masu mahimmanci. Kuma a cikin App Store, tarihin siyan masu amfani da tsarin biyan kuɗi za su nuna ma'amalar da aka yi ta amfani da tsarin siyan in-app Store.
Sabbin sharuɗɗan kasuwanci don aikace-aikace a cikin EU
Apple ya kuma buga sabbin sharuɗɗan kasuwanci don aikace-aikacen haɓakawa a cikin Tarayyar Turai a yau. Masu haɓakawa za su iya zaɓar karɓar waɗannan sabbin sharuɗɗan kasuwanci ko kuma su tsaya tare da ƙa'idodin Apple. Masu haɓakawa dole ne su karɓi sabbin sharuɗɗan kasuwanci don aikace-aikacen EU don cin gajiyar sabon rarraba madadin ko zaɓin sarrafa biyan kuɗi.
Sabbin sharuɗɗan kasuwanci don aikace-aikacen EU sun zama dole don tallafawa buƙatun DMA don madadin rarrabawa da sarrafa biyan kuɗi. Wannan ya haɗa da tsarin kuɗi wanda ke nuna hanyoyi da yawa da Apple ke ƙirƙira ƙima ga kasuwancin masu haɓakawa-ciki har da rarrabawa da bincike na App Store, amintaccen sarrafa biyan kuɗi na Store Store, amintaccen dandamalin wayar hannu na Apple, da duk kayan aiki da fasaha don ƙirƙira da raba sabbin aikace-aikace. tare da masu amfani a duk duniya.
Masu haɓakawa waɗanda ke aiki ƙarƙashin sharuɗɗan kasuwanci biyu na iya ci gaba da amfani da amintaccen sarrafa biyan kuɗi a cikin App Store da raba kayan aikin su a cikin EU App Store. Kuma duka nau'ikan sharuɗɗan biyu suna nuna dogon tsayin daka na Apple don sanya yanayin ƙa'idar app shine mafi kyawun dama ga duk masu haɓakawa.
Masu haɓakawa da ke aiki ƙarƙashin sabbin sharuɗɗan kasuwanci za su iya rarraba kayan aikin su na iOS daga Store Store da/ko madadin kasuwannin ƙa'idar. Waɗannan masu haɓakawa kuma za su iya zaɓar yin amfani da madadin na'urorin sarrafa biyan kuɗi a cikin tsarin aiki na Apple a cikin ƙa'idodinsu na EU akan App Store.
Sabbin sharuɗɗan kasuwanci don aikace-aikacen iOS a cikin EU suna da abubuwa uku:
- Rage hukumar - Aikace-aikacen iOS a cikin Store Store za su biya ragin kwamiti na 10% (don mafi yawan masu haɓakawa da biyan kuɗi bayan shekara ta farko) ko 17% akan ma'amaloli don kayayyaki da sabis na dijital.
- Kudin sarrafa biya - Aikace-aikacen iOS a cikin Store Store na iya amfani da sarrafa biyan kuɗi na App Store don ƙarin kuɗi na kashi 3. Masu haɓakawa za su iya amfani da masu ba da sabis na biyan kuɗi a cikin app ɗin su ko tura masu amfani zuwa gidan yanar gizon su don aiwatar da biyan kuɗi ba tare da ƙarin farashi ga Apple ba.
- Kudin fasaha na asali - Ka'idodin iOS da aka rarraba daga Store Store da/ko madadin kasuwar aikace-aikacen za su biya Yuro 0,50 na kowane shigarwa na shekara-shekara a sama da alamar miliyan 1.
Masu haɓaka aikace-aikacen iPadOS, macOS, watchOS da tvOS a cikin EU waɗanda ke aiwatar da biyan kuɗi ta amfani da PSP ko hanyar haɗi zuwa gidan yanar gizon su za su sami rangwamen kashi uku a kan hukumar da ke bin Apple.
Hakanan Apple yana raba kayan aikin lissafin kuɗi da sabbin rahotanni don taimakawa masu haɓakawa kimanta yuwuwar tasirin sabbin sharuɗɗan kasuwanci akan kasuwancin app ɗin su. Masu haɓakawa za su iya ƙarin koyo game da canje-canje don ƙa'idodin EU akan sabon shafin tallafi na masu haɓakawa kuma suna iya fara gwada waɗannan fasalulluka a cikin iOS 17.4 beta a yau.
