Amaya Toman Apple ya gabatar da sabon tsarin aiki na macOS 12 Monterey yayin bude Mahimmin Bayani don taron masu haɓaka WWDC na wannan shekara. Tabbas, tsarin Mac yana da dogon tarihi daga abin da na yanzu yake tushen. Tafi cikin tarihin OS X da macOS tun 2001, da kyau siga ta sigar.
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Vratislav Holub Mac OS X 10.0 Cheetah
Sigar farko ta Mac OS X an sanya mata suna Cheetah. An sake shi a cikin Maris 2001, kuma farashinsa ya kasance $129. Ya ba da fasali kamar Dock, Terminal ko saƙon ɗan ƙasa, kuma an nuna shi, a tsakanin sauran abubuwa, ƙirar mai amfani da Aqua. Wannan tsarin aiki kuma ya haɗa da aikace-aikace kamar TextEdit, kayan aikin bincike na Sherlock ko ma kundin adireshi. Mac OS X shine farkon babban fitowar jama'a na sabon tsarin aikin kwamfuta na Apple. An fito da sigar ƙarshe ta Mac OS X 10.0, mai lamba 10.0.4, a watan Yuni 2001.
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Mac OS X 10.1 Cougar
Mac OS X 10.1 Puma tsarin aiki da aka saki a cikin Satumba 2001, da latest version 10.1.5 ga hasken rana a watan Yuni 2002. Tare da zuwan Mac OS X Puma, masu amfani sun ga inganta cikin sharuddan yi, goyon baya ga DVD sake kunnawa, sauƙin CD da DVD konawa da ɗimbin ƙananan haɓakawa. An bayyana Mac OS X 10.1 a taron Apple a San Francisco, tare da masu halartar taron suna karɓar kwafin OS kyauta. Wasu sun sayi Puma daga Shagunan Apple ko kuma masu siyar da izini.
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Mac OS X 10.2 Jaguar
Mac OS X 10.1 Jaguar shine magajin Mac OS X 2002 Puma a watan Agusta 10.2. Tare da zuwansa, masu amfani sun karɓi nau'ikan fasali da sabbin abubuwa waɗanda suka kasance ɓangare na tsarin aiki na tebur har zuwa yanzu - alal misali, goyan bayan tsarin MPEG-4 a cikin aikace-aikacen QuickTime ko aikin Inkwell don ƙwarewar rubutun hannu. Jaguar yana samuwa ko dai a matsayin kwafi kaɗai ko a matsayin kunshin iyali wanda za'a iya sanyawa akan kwamfutoci daban-daban har guda biyar. Misali, fasalin Rendezvous ya fara halarta a nan, yana sauƙaƙe haɗin gwiwar na'urorin da aka haɗa zuwa cibiyar sadarwa iri ɗaya. Sigar ƙarshe ta Mac OS X 10.2 Jaguar ana kiranta 10.2.8 kuma an sake shi a cikin Oktoba 2003.
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Mac OS X 10.3 Damisa
Wani tsarin aiki, mai suna bayan manyan felines, an sake shi a watan Oktoba 2003, kuma sabon sigarsa, 10.3.9, ya bayyana a cikin Afrilu 2005. Babban sigar na huɗu na OS X ya kawo, misali, aikace-aikacen mai nema, da ikon canzawa da sauri tsakanin masu amfani da yawa, aikin Exposé don sauƙin gudanarwa na buɗe windows ko na asali don aiki tare da hotuna da bayanin fayilolin PDF. Sauran sabbin abubuwa sun haɗa da Littafin Fonts, kayan aikin ɓoyewa na FileVault, tallafi don taron sauti da bidiyo a cikin aikace-aikacen iChat, ko ma mai binciken gidan yanar gizo na Safari.
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Mac OS X 10.4 Tiger
Apple ya saki tsarinsa na Mac OS X 10.4 Tiger a watan Afrilu 2005. A cikin Tiger, alal misali, aikin Spotlight, wanda muke amfani da shi tare da ci gaba da yawa a cikin macOS na yanzu, ya fara halarta. Sauran labarai sun haɗa da sabon sigar mai binciken Safari, aikin Dashboard ko ingantaccen tallafi don aikace-aikacen 64-bit don kwamfutar Mac G5 Power. Apple kuma ya gabatar da kayan aiki ta atomatik, aikin VoiceOver don masu amfani da nakasa, haɗaɗɗen ƙamus da thesaurus, ko wataƙila aikace-aikacen Grapher. Sigar ƙarshe ta Mac OS X Tiger, mai lamba 10.4.11, an sake shi a cikin Nuwamba 2007.
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Mac OS X 10.5 Damisa
A cikin Oktoba 2007, Apple ya saki sabon tsarin aiki mai suna Mac OS X 10.5 Leopard. A cikin wannan sabuntawa, an inganta yawan ayyuka da aikace-aikace, kamar Automator, Finder, Dictionary, Mail ko iChat, an inganta su. Apple kuma ya gabatar da Back to My Mac da Boot Camp ayyuka a nan, kuma ya kara da asalin iCal aikace-aikace (daga baya Kalanda) ko Time Machine kayan aiki, kunna madadin na Mac abun ciki. Har ila yau, ƙirar mai amfani ta sami canje-canje da haɓakawa, inda abubuwa da yawa suka zama m kuma Dock ya sami bayyanar 3D. Sigar karshe ta Mac OS X 10.5 Leopard an sanya masa suna 10.5.8 kuma an gabatar da ita a watan Agusta 2009.
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Mac OS X 10.6 Damisar Dusar Kankara
An fito da Mac OS X 10.6 Snow Leopard a watan Agustan 2009. Ita ce sigar farko ta OS X da aka kera don kwamfutoci tare da na'urorin sarrafa Intel, kuma daga cikin sabbin abubuwan da wannan sabuntawa ya kawo akwai sabon Mac App Store. Finder, Boot Camp, iChat da sauran kayan aiki da aikace-aikace an inganta, goyon bayan multitouch don sababbin kwamfyutocin Apple daga 2008 an ƙara su. An fito da sabon sigar Snow Leopard, mai lamba 10.6.8, a cikin Yuli 2011.
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Mac OS X 10.7 Zaki
Apple ya saki Mac OS X 10.7 Lion a watan Yuli 2011. Wannan labarin ya kawo, alal misali, tallafi ga fasahar AirDrop, aikin sanarwar turawa, ajiyar atomatik a cikin takardu ko ingantaccen aikin duba sihiri. Hakanan akwai tallafin emoji, sabon sabis na FaceTime, sabon sigar Littafin Haruffa, ko wataƙila haɓakawa ga aikin FileVault. Wani sabon ƙira na maraba shi ne tsarin tsarin tallafi don nuna cikakken allo na aikace-aikacen, wanda aka ƙara zuwa kayan aikin harshe čestina, da Launchpad - fasalin ƙaddamar da aikace-aikacen da ke kama da iOS a bayyanar - shi ma ya fara halarta a nan. An fito da sigar ƙarshe ta Mac OS X Lion, mai lamba 10.7.5, a cikin Oktoba 2012.
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Mac OS X 10.8 Zakin Dutsen
An gabatar da sigar OS X ta gaba, wacce ake kira 10.8 Mountain Lion, a cikin Yuli 2012. Anan, Apple ya gabatar da, alal misali, sabon Cibiyar Fadakarwa, Bayanan kula, Saƙonni, gabatar da sabis na Cibiyar Game ko tallafi don saka idanu mirroring ta hanyar fasahar AirPlay. An ƙara aikin PowerNap, ikon sabunta aikace-aikace kai tsaye daga Mac App Store, kuma aka maye gurbin dandalin MobileMe da iCloud. Sigar karshe ta Mac OS X Mountain Lion shine 10.8.5 kuma an sake shi a watan Agusta 2015.
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Mac OS X 10.9 Mavericks
A cikin Oktoba 2013, Apple ya saki Mac OS X 10.9 Mavericks tsarin aiki. A matsayin ɓangare na shi, alal misali, aikin App Nap don aikace-aikacen da ba sa aiki, an gabatar da tallafin OpenGL 4.1 da OpenCL 1.2, kuma an cire wasu abubuwan skeuomorphic a cikin mahallin mai amfani. Ƙara iCloud Keychain, haɗin dandalin dandalin LinkedIn, kuma an inganta mai Nemo ta hanyar shafuka. Wasu sabbin fasalulluka da aka gabatar a cikin Mac OS X Mavericks sun haɗa da iBooks (yanzu Littattafan Apple), sabbin taswirori na asali, da Kalanda na asali. An fito da sabuwar sigar Mavericks, mai lamba 10.9.5, a cikin Yuli 2016.
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Mac OS X 10.10 Yosemite
Mac OS X 2014 Yosemite ya zama wani tsarin aiki na Apple, wanda ya aro sunansa daga wurare a California mai rana, a cikin Oktoba 10.10. Wannan labarin ya kawo gagarumin sake fasalin tsarin mai amfani, wanda Apple yayi bankwana da skeuomorphism, yana bin misalin iOS 7. An ƙara sabbin gumaka da jigogi, An gabatar da Ci gaba, kuma an maye gurbin iPhoto da Aperture da Hotunan asali. Kayan aikin Spotlight ya sami ingantaccen sashi, kuma an ƙara sabbin abubuwa zuwa Cibiyar Sanarwa. Sigar ƙarshe ta Mac OS X 10.10 Yosemite ana kiranta 10.10.5 kuma an sake shi a cikin Yuli 2017.
Mac OS X 10.11 El Capitan
A watan Satumba 2015, Apple ya saki Mac OS X 10.11 El Capitan tsarin aiki. Baya ga haɓakawa a cikin aiki, ƙira da sirri, wannan sigar kuma ta kawo labarai ta hanyar ingantaccen sarrafa taga tare da goyan bayan aikin allo Rabawa, goyan bayan alamun taɓawa da yawa a cikin Saƙonni da Wasiku na asali, nunin jigilar jama'a a cikin taswirori na asali. ko watakila cikakken sake fasalin Bayanan kula. An kuma inganta mai binciken Safari, an ƙara tallafi don kari na ɓangare na uku zuwa Hotuna na asali. Sabuwar sigar Mac OS X El Capitan, mai lamba 10.11.6, an sake shi a cikin Yuli 2018.
Mac OS X 10.12 Sierra
Magajin Mac OS X El Capitan shine Mac OS X 2016 Sierra a watan Satumba 10.12. Tare da zuwan wannan sabuntawa, masu amfani sun karɓi, alal misali, sigar tebur na mataimakin muryar Siri, mafi kyawun zaɓuɓɓukan sarrafa ajiya, tallafi don buɗe Mac ta amfani da Apple Watch, ko wataƙila Clipboard na Universal don kwafi da liƙa abun ciki a cikin na'urorin Apple. . An ƙara aikin Hoton-in-Hoto zuwa Safari, kuma masu amfani kuma za su iya amfani da aikin Shift na dare don kallo mai sauƙi da maraice da dare. Tare da zuwan Mac OS X Sierra, Apple kuma ya gabatar da tallafi ga sabis na biyan kuɗi na Apple Pay akan Mac. Sigar ƙarshe ta Mac OS X Sierra ana kiranta 10.12.6 kuma an sake shi a watan Agusta 2019.
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Mac OS X 10.13 High Sierra
A cikin Satumba 2017, Apple ya saki Mac OS X 10.3 High Sierra tsarin aiki. Wannan labarin ya kawo, alal misali, Hotunan asali da aka sake tsarawa, ingantattun saƙo ko sabbin kayan aikin kariya na sirri a cikin burauzar gidan yanar gizon Safari. Saƙonni na asali sun sami goyan baya ga iCloud, kuma masu amfani kuma za su iya lura da ingantaccen aiki. Apple ya kuma ce dangane da Mac OS X High Sierra cewa ya mai da hankali kan bayanan fasaha maimakon sabbin abubuwa. Sabuwar sigar Mac OS X High Sierra, mai lamba 10.13.6, an sake shi a watan Nuwamba 2020.
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MacOS Mojave
Magaji ga Mac OS X High Sierra shine tsarin aiki na macOS Mojave a cikin Satumba 2018. Anan, Apple ya gabatar da sunan "macOS" maimakon Mac OS X na baya, sannan kuma ya gabatar da sabbin abubuwa kamar yanayin duhu mai faɗi. MacOS Mojave kuma shine tsarin aikin tebur na ƙarshe daga Apple don ba da tallafi ga aikace-aikacen 32-bit. Sabbin aikace-aikacen asali na Dictaphone, Ayyuka, Apple News (na zaɓaɓɓun yankuna) da Gida kuma an ƙara su. MacOS Mojave ya ƙare haɗin gwiwa tare da Facebook, Twitter, Vimeo da Flickr dandamali, yana ba da haɓakawa ga yawancin aikace-aikacen asali, kuma ya ƙara goyan bayan kiran rukuni ta hanyar FaceTime. Sigar ƙarshe ta macOS Mojave tsarin aiki ana kiranta 10.14.6 kuma an sake shi a watan Mayu 2021.
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MacOS 10.15 Catalina
A watan Oktoba 2019, Apple ya fito da tsarin aiki na macOS 10.15 Catalina. Catalina ya kawo labarai a cikin nau'i na aikin Sidecar, yana ba da damar yin amfani da iPad azaman ƙarin saka idanu, ko watakila goyan baya ga masu kula da wasan mara waya. Nemo Abokai da Nemo Mac sun haɗu cikin dandalin Nemo, kuma an sake fasalin ƙa'idodin Tunatarwa, Rikodin Murya, da Bayanan kula. Maimakon iTunes, macOS Catalina ya ƙunshi kiɗa daban-daban, kwasfan fayiloli, da ƙa'idodin Littattafai, kuma ana gudanar da na'urorin iOS masu alaƙa ta hanyar Mai Nema. An kuma daina goyan bayan aikace-aikacen 64-bit. Sabuwar sigar macOS Catalina, mai alamar 10.15.7, an sake shi a watan Mayu 2021.
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macOS 11 Babban Sur
A fall na ƙarshe, Apple ya fito da tsarin aiki na macOS 11 Big Sur. Tare da zuwan wannan labarai, masu amfani sun ga, alal misali, sake fasalin ƙirar mai amfani, lokacin da wasu abubuwa suka fara kama da abubuwan UI daga tsarin aiki na iOS. An ƙara sabon Cibiyar Kulawa, an sake fasalin Cibiyar Sanarwa kuma an gabatar da tallafi ga aikace-aikacen iOS da iPadOS. An haɓaka tsarin sabunta software, mai binciken Safari ya sami mafi kyawun zaɓuɓɓuka don keɓancewa da sarrafa sirri. Labaran Ƙasar sun sami sabbin abubuwa, kuma App Store ma an sake fasalinsa. Hakanan an ƙara sabbin ayyuka a cikin taswirori na asali, Bayanan kula, ko watakila Dictaphone. An daina tallafin Adobe Flash Player.
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macOS 12 Monterey
Sabuwar ƙari ga dangin Apple na tsarin aiki na tebur shine macOS 12 Monterey. Wannan bidi'a ta kawo, alal misali, Ayyukan Gudanar da Duniya don sarrafa Macs da yawa a lokaci guda tare da madannai guda ɗaya da linzamin kwamfuta, aikace-aikacen gajerun hanyoyi na asali, wanda aka sani daga tsarin aiki na iOS, aikin AirPlay zuwa Mac don nuna nuni akan Mac. allo, ko wataƙila ingantaccen mai binciken gidan yanar gizo na Safari tare da ikon ƙirƙirar tarin katunan. Sauran sabbin fasalulluka a cikin macOS 12 Monterey sun haɗa da ingantattun ayyukan kariya na sirri, ayyukan SharePlay ko ma yanayin Mayar da hankali.
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