Jiří Filip Sanarwar Labarai: A halin yanzu dai batun iskar iskar gas ya zama batu mai zafi, musamman saboda halin da ake ciki a Ukraine da kuma lokacin damina ke gabatowa. Ko da yake wannan batu yana da matuƙar halin yanzu, yana da matukar wahala a sami ra'ayin ku a cikin duka al'amarin.
Ana daukar iskar gas (NATGAS) a matsayin man fetur da mafi karancin sawun carbon a duniya, don haka ba shi da wani tasiri a kan muhalli, saboda hayakin da ke fitowa daga konewarsa ya ninka sau biyu kamar kwal. Ba kamar kwal ko makaman nukiliya ba, ana iya kunnawa da kashe tasoshin iskar gas da sauri, tare da samar da sassauci sosai ta fuskar haɗakar makamashin ƙasar. Wannan ne ma ya sa masana'antar sarrafa iskar gas ta yi fice sosai a kasashen Turai da Amurka, yayin da a sannu a hankali ake karewa tasoshin wutar lantarkin kwal. Gas yana ɗaya daga cikin shahararrun kayan dumama a matsakaicin gidaje.
Don haka, an ɗauki jimillar dogaro da iskar gas a matsayin abu mai inganci har kwanan nan. Duk da haka, saboda gaskiyar cewa babban ɓangare na amfani da Turai ya fito ne daga Rasha, farashin farashin "harbe" nan da nan bayan barkewar rikici, saboda goyon bayan Ukraine a cikin wannan rikici zai iya kawo karshen "rufe famfo", wanda a zahiri ya faru a ƙarshe.
Duk da haka, tushen labarin ya yi zurfi sosai. Matakin da Jamus ta dauka na gina bututun iskar gas na Nord Stream ya haifar da raguwar yawan iskar gas a duk fadin Tarayyar Turai. An rage yawan samarwa da kusan rabin idan aka kwatanta da kololuwar matakan da aka gani kafin rikicin kuɗi na 2008-2009.
Mataki na gaba na labarin shine cutar ta COVID-19 da raguwar shigo da iskar gas saboda ƙarancin ayyukan tattalin arziƙi a Turai da yanayin hunturu mai wahala wanda ya tura hannun jarin iskar gas zuwa rikodin ƙasa. A sa'i daya kuma, Rasha ta dakatar da sayar da iskar gas a kasuwannin bayan fage a Turai, tare da takaita cika ma'ajiyar ruwanta a Jamus, wanda wata kila shiri ne na yi wa kasashen Turai zagon kasa a lokacin da take kai hari kan Ukraine. Don haka lokacin da aka fara mamayewa, komai yana shirye don haɓakar roka a farashin iskar gas (NATGAS), amma har da sauran kayayyaki.
Da farko Rasha ta girmama kwangilar samar da kayayyaki na dogon lokaci, amma a wani lokaci ta ba da umarnin biyan kuɗi a cikin rubles. Rasha ta dakatar da jigilar iskar gas zuwa ƙasashen da ba su amince da waɗannan sharuɗɗan ba (ciki har da Poland, Netherlands, Denmark da Bulgaria). Daga baya ya rage kuma a karshe ya dakatar da jigilar iskar gas zuwa Jamus saboda matsalolin fasaha, kuma a farkon kwata na karshe na 2022 ya ci gaba da jigilar kaya ta hanyar bututun Yukren da Turkiyya kawai. Ƙarshen ƙarshe na wannan yanayin shine zagon ƙasa na tsarin bututun Nord Stream. A karshen watan Satumban 2022, layukan tsarin guda 3 sun lalace, wanda galibin ba shi da alaka da karfin majeure, amma wani shiri da aka yi da nufin kara lalata kasuwar makamashi ta EU. Sakamakon waɗannan ayyukan, ana iya rufe layukan Nord Stream guda 3 har zuwa shekaru da yawa. Dogaro mai yawa kan iskar gas na Rasha da sauran kayayyaki kamar man fetur da kwal ya kai Turai ga matsalar makamashi mafi girma a tarihi, tare da tsada da karancin albarkatun kasa.
Yayin da lokacin hunturu ke zuwa, mai yiyuwa ne cewa ba za a warware halin da ake ciki na iskar gas ba nan da nan. Duk da haka, ko da wannan halin da ake ciki gabaɗaya mara kyau na iya zama dama mai yuwuwa ga masu saka hannun jari da 'yan kasuwa. Idan kuna sha'awar wannan batu, XTB ta shirya sabon littafin e-littafi da aka mayar da hankali kan wannan batu.
A cikin e-book TAKAITACCEN GAS DA HANYOYI za ku koyi:
- Me yasa batun iskar gas ke tada irin wannan sha'awar?
- Ta yaya kasuwar iskar gas ta duniya ke aiki?
- Yadda ake nazarin kasuwar iskar gas da yadda ake cinikin iskar gas?
