Libor Kubin Tun 1984, Macintosh ke amfani da System. A farkon shekarun 90, duk da haka, ya bayyana a fili cewa tsarin aiki da ake da shi yana buƙatar ingantaccen ƙima. Apple ya sanar da sabon tsarin tsarawa a cikin Maris 1994 tare da ƙaddamar da processor na PowerPC Kasar Copland.
Duk da kasafin kuɗi mai karimci (dala miliyan 250 a shekara) da kuma tura ƙungiyar injiniyoyi 500 na software, Apple ya kasa kammala aikin. Ci gaba ya kasance a hankali, an sami jinkiri da rashin bin ƙa'idodi. Saboda wannan, an fitar da ɓangarorin haɓakawa (wanda aka samo daga Copland). Waɗannan sun fara bayyana daga Mac OS 7.6. A cikin watan Agusta 1996, an dakatar da Copland a ƙarshe kafin sakin sigar haɓaka ta farko. Apple yana neman wanda zai maye gurbinsa, kuma BeOS ya kasance ɗan takara mai zafi. Amma ba a yi sayan ba saboda yawan buƙatun kuɗi. An yi ƙoƙarin yin amfani da, misali, Windows NT, Solaris, TalOS (tare da IBM) da A/UX, amma ba tare da nasara ba.
Sanarwar ranar 20 ga Disamba, 1996 ta ba kowa mamaki. Apple ya saya NeXT don tsabar kudi $429 miliyan. An dauki Steve Jobs a matsayin mai ba da shawara kuma ya karbi hannun jarin Apple miliyan 1,5. Babban burin wannan siye shine amfani da NeXTSTEP a matsayin tushen tsarin aiki na gaba don kwamfutocin Macintosh.
An sake shi Maris 16, 1999 Mac OS X Server 1.0 kuma aka sani da Rhapsody. Yana kama da Mac OS 8 tare da jigon Platinum. Amma a ciki, tsarin yana dogara ne akan haɗakar OpenStep (NeXTSTEP), Unix components, Mac OS, da Mac OS X. Menu a saman allon ya fito daga Mac OS, amma ana gudanar da sarrafa fayil a cikin NeXTSTEP's Workspace Manager maimakon haka. na Mai Nema. Haɗin mai amfani yana amfani da Nuni PostScript don nunawa.
An fito da sigar beta na farko na Mac OS X (mai suna Kodiak) a ranar 10 ga Mayu, 1999. An yi shi ne don masu haɓakawa masu rijista kawai. A ranar 13 ga Satumba, an fitar da sigar beta ta farko ta Mac OS X kuma an sayar da ita akan $29,95.
Tsarin ya kawo sabbin abubuwa da yawa: layin umarni, ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya mai kariya, ɗawainiya da yawa, amfani da ɗan ƙasa na na'urori masu sarrafawa da yawa, Quartz, dock, Aqua interface tare da inuwa da tallafin tsarin tsarin PDF. Duk da haka, Mac OS X v10.0 rasa DVD sake kunnawa da CD kona. Yana buƙatar processor na G3, 128 MB na RAM da 1,5 GB na sararin diski kyauta don shigarwa. An kuma tabbatar da dacewa da baya saboda yuwuwar gudanar da OS 9 da shirye-shiryen da aka tsara don shi a ƙarƙashin Layer Classic.
An saki sigar ƙarshe ta Mac OS X 10.0 a ranar 24 ga Maris, 2001 kuma farashin $129. Duk da cewa tsarin suna Cheetah, bai yi fice a cikin sauri ko kwanciyar hankali ba. Saboda haka, a ranar 25 ga Satumba, 2001, an maye gurbinsa da haɓakawa kyauta zuwa Mac OS X 10.1 Puma.
Menene Mac OS X
Tsarin aiki wanda ya danganci kernel matasan XNU (a cikin Ingilishi XNU's Ba Unix), wanda ya ƙunshi microkernel Mach 4.0 (yana sadarwa tare da kayan aiki kuma yana kula da sarrafa ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya, zaren da matakai, da sauransu) da harsashi a cikin tsari. na FreeBSD, wanda yake ƙoƙarin dacewa da shi. Cibiya tare da sauran abubuwan da suka hada da tsarin Darwin. Kodayake ana amfani da tsarin BSD a cikin tushe, misali ana amfani da bash da vim, kodayake a cikin FreeBSD zaku sami csh da vi.1
Albarkatu: arstechnica.com da ambato (1) na wikipedia.org
