Rufe talla

Yau shekaru bakwai kenan da Steve Jobs ya kaddamar da wayar iPhone a kan mataki a gaban masu sauraro, wayar salular da ta sauya masana'antar gaba daya kuma ta fara juyin juya hali na wayoyin hannu. Masu fafatawa sun mayar da martani daban-daban game da sabuwar wayar da aka bullo da ita, sai dai yadda suka yi da kuma saurin amsawa ne ya tabbatar da makomarsu na shekaru masu zuwa. Steve Ballmer ya yi dariya a kashe iPhone kuma ya gwada dabarunsa tare da Windows Mobile. Shekaru biyu bayan haka, an yanke dukkan tsarin kuma tare da Windows Phone 8 na yanzu, yana da kaso na ƴan kashi dari.

Da farko dai Nokia ta yi watsi da wayar iPhone gaba daya kuma ta yi kokarin ci gaba da tura Symbian din ta, daga baya kuma ta yi amfani da nau'in wayar da ta dace. Hannun jarin ya yi kasa a gwiwa, kamfanin ya daidaita Windows Phone, kuma a karshe ya sayar da dukkan sassan wayarsa ga Microsoft kan dan kadan daga abin da ya saba biya. A farkon shekarar bara ne kawai kamfanin Blackberry ya iya ba da amsa mai kyau, kuma kamfanin a halin yanzu yana gab da yin fatara kuma bai san ainihin abin da zai yi da kansa ba. Palm ya mayar da martani sosai kuma ya sami nasarar kawo WebOS, wanda har yanzu ana yabonsa har zuwa yau, kuma da ita wayar Palm Pré, duk da haka, sakamakon kamfanonin Amurka da matsalolin masu samar da kayan aiki, kamfanin ya sayar da shi ga HP, wanda aka binne shi. gabaɗayan WebOS, kuma tsarin yanzu yana tunawa da ƙarfinsa na baya kawai akan allon TV mai kaifin baki LG.

Google ya sami damar mayar da martani mafi sauri tare da tsarin aiki na Android, wanda ya zo a cikin nau'in T-Mobile G1/HTC Dream kasa da shekara guda da rabi bayan an fara sayar da wayar iPhone. Duk da haka, ya kasance hanya mai nisa zuwa nau'in Android, wanda Google ya gabatar a hukumance a lokacin, kuma godiya ga littafin Dogfight: Yadda Apple da Google suka tafi yaƙi kuma suka fara juyin juya hali za mu iya koyan wani abu a bayan fage.

A cikin 2005, yanayin da ke kewaye da wayoyin hannu da masu aiki ya bambanta sosai. Oligopoly na ƴan kamfanoni masu sarrafa hanyoyin sadarwar salula sun tsara kasuwar gabaɗaya, kuma an ƙirƙiri wayoyi kusan bisa umarnin masu aiki. Sun sarrafa ba kawai na kayan aikin ba amma har da software kuma suna ba da sabis ɗin su akan akwatin yashi kawai. Ƙoƙarin haɓaka kowace software ya kasance asarar kuɗi ko žasa saboda babu wani ma'auni tsakanin wayoyi. Symbian kawai tana da nau'ikan nau'ikan da ba su dace da juna ba.

A wancan lokacin, Google ya so tura bincikensa a cikin wayoyin hannu, don cimma hakan, sai ya sadar da komai ta hanyar sadarwa. Duk da haka, masu aiki sun fi son sautunan ringi da suka sayar da kansu a cikin bincike, kuma sakamakon Google an nuna shi kawai a wurare na ƙarshe. Bugu da kari, kamfanin Mountain View ya sake fuskantar wata barazana, kuma ita ce Microsoft.

Windows CE, wanda a lokacin ake kira Windows Mobile, ya zama sananne sosai (ko da yake a tarihi rabonsu yana kasa da kashi 10), kuma Microsoft ma a wancan lokacin ya fara haɓaka sabis ɗin neman nasa, wanda daga baya ya rikide zuwa Bing na yau. Google da Microsoft sun riga sun kasance abokan gaba a wancan lokacin, kuma idan, saboda karuwar shaharar Microsoft, sun tura binciken su akan kuɗin Google kuma ba su ba da shi a matsayin zaɓi ba, akwai haɗarin gaske cewa kamfanin zai rasa nasa a hankali. tushen kuɗi kawai a lokacin, wanda ya fito daga tallace-tallace a cikin sakamakon bincike. Aƙalla abin da jami'an Google ke tunani ke nan. Hakazalika, Microsoft gaba daya ya kashe Netscape tare da Internet Explorer.

Google ya san cewa don tsira a zamanin wayar hannu, zai buƙaci fiye da haɗa bincikensa da app don samun damar ayyukansa. Shi ya sa a shekarar 2005 ya sayi babbar manhajar Android wadda tsohon ma’aikacin Apple Andy Rubin ya kafa. Shirin Rubin shine ƙirƙirar tsarin aiki na wayar hannu mai buɗewa wanda kowane mai kera kayan masarufi zai iya aiwatarwa kyauta akan na'urorinsu, sabanin Windows CE mai lasisi. Google na son wannan hangen nesa kuma bayan saye ya nada Rubin a matsayin shugaban ci gaban tsarin aiki, wanda sunansa ya kiyaye.

Android ya kamata ya zama mai juyi ta hanyoyi da yawa, a wasu bangarorin ya fi na iPhone da Apple ya gabatar da shi daga baya. Yana da haɗakar shahararrun ayyukan gidan yanar gizo na Google da suka haɗa da taswira da YouTube, zai iya buɗe aikace-aikacen da yawa a lokaci guda, yana da cikakken mai binciken intanet kuma ya kamata ya haɗa da babban kantin sayar da aikace-aikacen hannu.

Duk da haka, nau'in kayan aikin wayoyin Android a lokacin ya kamata ya bambanta. Shahararrun wayoyin komai da ruwanka a lokacin su ne na’urorin BlackBerry, wadanda suka bi misalinsu, samfurin Android na farko, mai suna Sooner, yana da maballin masarrafa da kuma nunin da ba a taba tabawa ba.

A ranar 9 ga Janairu, 2007, Andy Rubin yana kan hanyarsa ta zuwa Las Vegas ta mota don saduwa da masana'antun kayan masarufi da masu ɗaukar kaya. A wannan tafiyar ne Steve Jobs ya bayyana tikitin shiga kasuwar wayar hannu, wanda daga baya ya sanya Apple ya zama kamfani mafi daraja a duniya. Wannan wasan ya burge Rubin sosai har ya tsayar da motar don kallon sauran shirye-shiryen. A lokacin ne ya ce wa abokan aikinsa a cikin motar: "Shit, tabbas ba za mu ƙaddamar da wannan wayar [nan da nan] ba."

Duk da cewa Android ya kasance a wasu hanyoyi mafi ci gaba fiye da iPhone na farko, Rubin ya san cewa dole ne ya sake tunani gaba ɗaya. Tare da Android, ya yi caca akan abin da masu amfani ke so game da wayoyin BlackBerry-haɗin babban allon madannai na hardware, imel, da ingantaccen waya. Amma Apple ya canza ka'idojin wasan gaba daya. Maimakon madannai na masarrafai, ya ba da na'urar kama-da-wane, wanda, ko da yake ba kusan daidai da sauri ba, bai mamaye rabin nunin kowane lokaci ba. Godiya ga abin taɓawa gabaɗaya tare da maɓallin kayan aiki guda ɗaya a gaba a ƙasan nuni, kowane aikace-aikacen yana iya samun nasa abubuwan sarrafawa kamar yadda ake buƙata. Bugu da ƙari, Ba da daɗewa ba ya kasance mummunan tun lokacin ban mamaki iPhone, wanda ya kamata a biya shi ta hanyar juyin juya halin Android.

Wannan wani abu ne da Rubin da tawagarsa suka yi la'akari da haɗari a lokacin. Saboda manyan canje-canje a cikin ra'ayi, An soke Ba da jimawa ba kuma samfurin mai suna Dream, wanda ke da allon taɓawa, ya fito a gaba. Don haka an dage gabatarwar har zuwa faduwar 2008. A lokacin haɓakarsa, injiniyoyin Google sun mai da hankali kan duk abin da iPhone ɗin ba zai iya yi ba don bambanta Mafarkin daidai. Bayan haka, alal misali, har yanzu suna ɗaukar rashin na'urar maballin masarrafa a matsayin gazawa, shi ya sa wayar Android ta farko da ta taɓa kasancewa, T-Mobile G1, wacce aka fi sani da HTC Dream, tana da ɓangaren zamewa tare da bugawa. maɓalli da ƙaramin gungurawa.

Bayan gabatarwar iPhone, lokaci ya tsaya har yanzu a Google. Aiki mafi sirri da buri a Google, wanda mutane da yawa suka yi amfani da sa'o'i 60-80 a mako fiye da shekaru biyu, ya ƙare a safiyar wannan rana. Watanni shida na aiki tare da samfurori, wanda yakamata ya haifar da samfurin ƙarshe da aka gabatar a ƙarshen 2007, ya ɓace, kuma an dakatar da ci gaban gaba ɗaya ta wata shekara. Abokin Rubin Chris DeSalvo yayi sharhi, "A matsayina na mabukaci, an busa ni. Amma a matsayina na injiniyan Google, na yi tunanin za mu sake farawa."

Yayin da iphone ya kasance babbar nasara ta Steve Jobs, wanda ya ɗaukaka Apple sama da duk sauran kamfanoni kuma a yau har yanzu yana lissafin sama da kashi 50 na duk kudaden shiga a cikin Infinity Loop 1, ya kasance rauni ga hakarkarin Google - aƙalla sashin Android ɗin sa.

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