Ondrej Holzman Bayan makonni biyu na gwaji a Oakland, California, kan ko Apple ya cutar da masu amfani da shi tare da canje-canjensa zuwa iTunes da iPods, alkali mai mutane takwas yana kan hanyarsa. Ta ji muhawara ta ƙarshe na bangarorin biyu kuma ya kamata ta yanke hukunci a cikin kwanaki masu zuwa abin da ya faru a masana'antar kiɗa kusan shekaru goma da suka gabata. Idan ya yanke shawara kan Apple, kamfanin apple zai iya biyan dala biliyan daya.
Masu shigar da kara (sama da masu amfani da miliyan 8 da suka sayi iPod tsakanin Satumba 12, 2006 da Maris 31, 2009, da kuma ɗaruruwan ƙanana da manyan dillalai) suna neman diyyar dala miliyan 350 daga Apple, amma wannan adadin zai iya ninka sau uku saboda dokokin hana amincewa. A cikin mahawararsu ta ƙarshe, masu shigar da kara sun bayyana cewa iTunes 7.0, wanda aka saki a watan Satumbar 2006, an yi niyya ne da farko don kawar da gasa daga wasan. iTunes 7.0 ya zo tare da ma'aunin tsaro wanda ya cire duk abun ciki daga ɗakin karatu ba tare da tsarin kariyar FairPlay ba.
Bayan shekara guda, wannan ya biyo bayan sabunta software na iPods, wanda kuma ya gabatar da tsarin kariya iri ɗaya a kansu, wanda ya haifar da cewa ba zai yiwu a kunna kiɗa tare da DRM na daban a kan 'yan wasan Apple ba, ta yadda masu sayar da kiɗan suka samu. babu damar yin amfani da yanayin yanayin Apple.
A cewar masu shigar da kara, Apple ya cutar da masu amfani da shi
Lauyan masu shigar da kara, Patrick Coughlin, ya ce sabuwar manhajar za ta iya shafe duk wani dakin karatu na mai amfani a iPods a lokacin da ta gano rashin daidaito a cikin wakokin da aka nada, kamar kidan da aka sauke daga wani wuri. "Ina son shi ya busa iPod. Ya kasance mafi muni fiye da nauyin takarda. Kuna iya rasa komai, "ya gaya wa alkalan kotun.
“Ba su yarda ka mallaki iPod ɗin ba. Sun yi imanin cewa har yanzu suna da 'yancin zabar maka wane ɗan wasa zai kasance a kan na'urarka da ka saya kuma ka mallaka, "in ji Couglin, ya kara da cewa Apple ya yi imanin cewa yana da 'yancin rage kwarewar waƙar da wata rana za ku iya. kunna kuma gobe ba sake ba" lokacin da ya hana kiɗan da aka saya daga wasu shagunan samun dama ga iTunes.
Duk da haka, bai jira dogon lokaci ba don rashin amsawar Apple. Bill Isaacson na Apple ya ce a jawabinsa na rufewa, "An gama komai." "Babu wata shaida da ke nuna cewa hakan ya taba faruwa...ba kwastomomi, babu masu amfani da iPod, babu bincike, babu takardun kasuwancin Apple."
Apple: Ayyukanmu ba su kasance masu adawa da gasa ba
Makwanni biyu da suka gabata, Apple ya musanta zargin da ake yi masa, yana mai cewa ya yi sauye-sauye a tsarin kariyarsa da farko saboda dalilai guda biyu: na farko, saboda masu kutse da ke kokarin karya DRM dinsa. yi hack, kuma saboda na yi ciniki, wanda Apple ya kasance tare da kamfanonin rikodin. Saboda su, dole ne ya ba da garantin iyakar tsaro kuma ya gyara duk wani rami na tsaro nan da nan, saboda ba zai iya yin asarar kowane abokin tarayya ba.
Masu shigar da kara ba su yarda da wannan fassarar abubuwan da suka faru ba kuma sun yi iƙirarin cewa Apple yana amfani da matsayinsa mafi girma ne kawai a cikin kasuwar da ba ya so ya bar shi a cikin kowace gasa mai yuwuwa, don haka ya toshe hanyarsa ta hanyarsa. "Lokacin da suke samun nasara, sun kulle iPod ko kuma sun toshe wani ɗan takara. Za su iya amfani da DRM don yin hakan, ”in ji Coughlin.
A matsayin misali, masu shigar da karar sun buga misali da Real Networks musamman, amma ba sa cikin shari’ar kotun kuma babu wani wakilinsu da ya bayar da shaida. Su Harmony software ya bayyana jim kadan bayan kaddamar da iTunes Music Store a 2003 da kuma kokarin kewaye FairPlay DRM ta aiki a matsayin madadin zuwa iTunes wanda za a iya sarrafa iPods. Masu shigar da kara a cikin wannan harka sun nuna cewa Apple yana so ya ƙirƙiri wani yanki tare da FairPlay lokacin da Steve Jobs ya ƙi ba da lasisin tsarin kariya. Apple ya dauki yunkurin Real Networks na ketare kariyarsa a matsayin hari kan tsarinsa kuma ya mayar da martani.
Lauyoyin kamfanin da ke California da ake kira Real Networks “karamin dan takara daya ne kawai” kuma a baya sun shaida wa alkalai cewa zazzagewar da Real Networks ke yi ya kai kasa da kashi daya na duk wakokin da aka saya daga shagunan kan layi a lokacin. A lokacin wasan kwaikwayon na ƙarshe, sun tunatar da alkalan cewa hatta ƙwararrun ƙwararrun hanyoyin sadarwa na Real Networks sun yarda cewa software ɗinsu ba ta da kyau ta yadda za ta iya lalata lissafin waƙa ko share kiɗa.
Yanzu juri ne
Yanzu za a ba da alkalan hukunci tare da yanke shawarar ko sabuntawar iTunes 7.0 da aka ambata za a iya la'akari da "ingantattun samfura na gaske" wanda ya kawo ingantacciyar ƙwarewa ga masu amfani, ko kuma an yi niyya don cutar da fafatawa a gasa ta haka kuma masu amfani. Apple ya yi alfahari da cewa iTunes 7.0 ya kawo goyon baya ga fina-finai, bidiyoyin ma'ana mafi girma, Cover Flow da sauran labarai, amma a cewar masu gabatar da kara, galibi game da sauye-sauyen tsaro ne, wanda shine koma baya.
Ƙarƙashin Dokar Sherman Antitrust Act, abin da ake kira "ingantattun samfura na gaske" ba za a iya la'akari da shi a matsayin mai adawa ba koda kuwa yana tsoma baki tare da samfurori masu gasa. "Kamfani ba shi da wani aikin shari'a na gaba ɗaya don taimaka wa masu fafatawa, ba dole ba ne ya ƙirƙira samfuran da za su iya aiki tare, ba su lasisi ga masu fafatawa ko raba bayanai tare da su," Alkali Yvonne Rogers ya umarci alkali.
Alkalan yanzu dole ne su amsa galibin tambayoyi masu zuwa: Shin da gaske Apple yana da ikon keɓancewa a cikin kasuwancin kiɗan dijital? Shin Apple yana kare kansa daga hare-haren hacker kuma yana yin hakan a matsayin wani ɓangare na ci gaba da haɗin gwiwa tare da abokan tarayya, ko kuwa FairPlay yana amfani da DRM a matsayin makamin yaƙi da gasa? Shin farashin iPod ya haura saboda wannan dabarar da ake zargin "kulle-shiga"? Hatta mafi girman farashin iPods masu shigar da kara sun ambaci daya daga cikin sakamakon halayen Apple.
Ba a daina amfani da tsarin kariyar DRM a yau, kuma kuna iya kunna kiɗa daga iTunes akan kowane ɗan wasa. Shari’ar kotun da ake yi a yanzu haka ta shafi yuwuwar biyan diyya ne kawai, hukuncin da alkalai mai wakilai takwas, wanda ake sa ran zai yi a cikin kwanaki masu zuwa, ba zai yi wani tasiri a halin da ake ciki a kasuwa ba.
Kuna iya samun cikakken bayanin shari'ar nan.
