Daniel Hruska Jony Ive shine babban tauraruwar zanen yau. Salon aikinsa ya tsara yanayin yau a cikin kayan lantarki na mabukaci, kamar dai yadda Dieter Rams na Braun ya taɓa kasancewa. Menene hanyar rayuwar ɗan ƙasar Biritaniya zuwa ɗaya daga cikin manyan mukamai a kamfanin Apple na Amurka?
Haihuwar mai hazaka
Jony Ive ya yi karatun firamare a wata makaranta mai zaman kanta a Chingford, makarantar da David Beckham, wani shahararren dan Birtaniya da ke zaune a Amurka, ya kammala karatunsa. An haifi Ive a nan a cikin 1967 amma danginsa sun ƙaura daga Essex zuwa Staffordshire a farkon 80s lokacin da mahaifinsa ya canza aiki. Maimakon malamin zane da fasaha, sai ya zama sifeton makaranta. Jony ya gaji fasahar zanensa daga mahaifinsa, wanda ya kasance ƙwararren maƙerin azurfa. Kamar yadda Ive da kansa ya ce, kusan shekaru 14 ya san yana sha'awar "zane da yin abubuwa".
Malaman makarantar sakandaren Walton sun riga sun lura da basirarsa. Anan Ive kuma ya sadu da matarsa ta gaba, Heather Pegg, wacce ta kasance aji a ƙasa da kuma ɗan babban mai kula da makarantar. Sun yi aure a shekara ta 1987. A lokacin, mai yiwuwa ka same shi a matsayin matashi mai baƙar fata, baƙar fata, balagagge. Ya shiga cikin rugby da kuma ƙungiyar Whitraven, inda ya kasance mai buga ganga. Ayyukansa na kiɗa sun haɗa da Pink Floyd. A matsayinsa na ɗan wasan rugby, ya sami laƙabi "katuwar mai tawali'u". Ya taka rawa a matsayin ginshiƙi kuma ya shahara a tsakanin abokan wasansa domin ya kasance abin dogaro kuma yana da tawali'u.
Saboda sha'awar da yake da shi ga motoci a lokacin, Ive ya fara halartar Makarantar Fasaha ta St. Martin a London. Daga baya, duk da haka, ya mayar da hankali kan zane-zane na masana'antu, wanda shine kawai mataki na tunanin zuwa Newcastle Polytechnic. Tuni a lokacin, hankalinsa ya bayyana. Halittunsa basu taba ishe shi ba kuma ya kasance yana neman hanyoyin da zai kara inganta aikinsa. Ya kuma fara gano sihirin kwamfutocin Macintosh a jami’a. Ya sha bamban da sabon salo nasu, wanda ya bambanta da sauran kwamfutoci.
Sa’ad da yake ɗalibi, Johnatan ya kasance mai fahimi kuma mai ƙwazo. Abin da wani farfesa a wurin ya ce game da shi ke nan. Bayan haka, Ive har yanzu yana tuntuɓar jami'ar Northumbria, wacce Newcastle Polytechnic yanzu ta faɗi.
Abokin aiki kuma mai tsarawa Sir James Dyson ya dogara ga tsarin farko-mai amfani na Ive. Duk da haka, ya kuma nuna cewa Birtaniya ta rasa daya daga cikin basirarta. A cewarsa, ƙira da injiniyanci a Biritaniya suna da tushe sosai. “Ko da yake mun taso da hazikan masu zane a nan, muna kuma bukatar mu rike su. Sannan za mu iya nuna zanenmu ga duk duniya," in ji shi.
Dalilin tafiyarsa zuwa Amurka shine, a wani bangare, wani rashin jituwa da abokin tarayya Clive Grinyer a Tangerine. Ya kasance wuri na farko bayan kammala karatunsa daga Newcastle Polytechnic. Hakan ya fara ne bayan gabatarwar zanen sa na kamfanin kayan aikin gidan wanka. "Mun yi asarar hazaka da yawa," in ji Grinyer. Har ma mun kafa kamfaninmu, Tangerine, don yin aiki da Jony.
Tangerine shine ya lashe kwangilar tsara bandaki. Jony yayi babban gabatarwa. Ya yi shi don abokin ciniki tare da pom pom na clown saboda ranar Red Nose Day ce. Sai ya tashi yaga shawarar Jony. A wannan lokacin, kamfanin ya rasa Jony Ive.
Bayan makaranta, Ive ya kafa Tangerine tare da abokai uku. Daga cikin abokan cinikin kamfanin har da Apple, kuma yawan ziyartar Ive a can ya ba shi ƙofar baya. Ya yi kwanaki da yawa a California a lokacin hunturu. Sannan, a cikin 1992, ya sami mafi kyawun tayi a Apple kuma bai sake komawa Tangerine ba. Shekaru hudu bayan haka, Ive ya zama shugaban dukan sashen zane. Kamfanin Cupertino ya fahimci cewa Ive shine ainihin abin da suke nema. Hanyar tunaninsa gaba ɗaya ta yi daidai da falsafar Apple. Aikin can yana da wahala kamar yadda Ive ya saba. Yin aiki a Apple ba tafiya ba ne a wurin shakatawa. A cikin shekarun farko na aikinsa, Ive ba lallai ba ne daya daga cikin muhimman mutane a cikin kamfanin, kuma tabbas bai zama guru mai zane ba a cikin dare. A cikin shekaru ashirin, duk da haka, ya samu kusan 600 haƙƙin mallaka da kuma masana'antu kayayyaki.
Yanzu Ive yana zaune tare da matarsa da yaransa tagwaye a kan wani tudu a San Francisco, ba da nisa da Madaidaicin Madaidaici. Duk abin da zai yi shi ne shiga cikin Bentley Brooklands kuma ba tare da bata lokaci ba yana cikin taron bitarsa a Apple.
Aiki a Apple
Lokacin Ivo a Apple bai fara da kyau sosai ba. Kamfanin ya jawo shi zuwa California tare da alkawarin gobe mai haske. A lokacin, kamfanin ya fara nutsewa a hankali. Ive ya karasa ofishinsa na kasa. Ya fitar da wata bakuwar halitta daya bayan daya, wurin aiki ya cika da samfuri. Babu wani daga cikinsu da aka taɓa yi kuma babu wanda ya damu da aikinsa. Ya baci sosai. Jony ya kwashe shekaru uku na farko yana zane Newton PDA da na'urar buga takardu.
Har ma an tilasta wa ƙungiyar ƙira ta daina kwamfutar Cray da ake amfani da ita don yin ƙira da ƙirƙira sabbin samfura. Hatta zane-zanen da aka fara samar da su an karbe su cikin kwanciyar hankali. ta Ive Anniversary Mac ya kasance ɗaya daga cikin kwamfutoci na farko da suka zo tare da fale-falen LCD masu lebur. Duk da haka, kamannin sa ya yi kama da ɗan lanƙwasa, haka ma, don farashi mai mahimmanci. Asali dai wannan kwamfutar ta kai dalar Amurka 9, amma a lokacin da aka ciro ta daga rumfuna, farashinta ya ragu zuwa dala 000.
[do action=”quote”] Ya kasance yana bincika abubuwan da ya halitta kuma lokacin da ya gano rashi, sai ya ji daɗi, domin a lokacin ne kawai, a cewarsa, zai iya gano wani sabon abu.[/do]
A lokacin, Ive ya riga ya yi tunanin komawa ƙasarsa ta Ingila. Amma sa'a tana gefensa. A cikin 1997, bayan shekaru goma sha biyu na rabuwa da yaronsa, Steve Jobs ya koma kamfanin. Ya gudanar da tsaftar tsafta ta hanyar kawo karshen samar da mafi yawan kayayyakin lokacin da ma wani bangare na ma'aikata. Daga baya, Jobs ya zagaya sashin zane, wanda a lokacin yana kan titin daga babban harabar.
Lokacin da Ayuba ya shiga, sai ya kalli dukkan abubuwan ban mamaki na Ive ya ce, “Ya Ubangiji, me muke da shi a nan?” Nan da nan ayyuka sun motsa masu zanen daga ginshiƙi mai duhu zuwa babban harabar, suna saka jari a cikin jihar-of-the -art m kayan aiki samfur. Ya kuma kara tsaro ta hanyar datse situdiyon zane daga wasu sassan don hana yoyo game da kayayyaki masu zuwa. Masu zanen kaya kuma sun sami nasu kicin, domin tabbas za su sami sha'awar yin magana game da aikin su a kantin. Ayyuka sun shafe mafi yawan lokutansa a cikin wannan "Labarin ci gaba" a cikin tsarin gwaji akai-akai.
A lokaci guda kuma, Ayyuka sun fara la'akari da ɗaukar hayar mai ƙirar motar Italiya - Gioretto Giugiaro - don sabunta kamfanin. A ƙarshe, duk da haka, ya yanke shawarar Jony da ya riga ya yi aiki. Waɗannan mutanen biyu sun zama abokai na kud da kud, Jobs kuma ya fi tasiri a kan Jony na mutanen da ke kewaye da shi.
Daga baya Ive ya yi tsayayya da matsin lamba, ya ƙi ɗaukar ƙarin masu zanen kaya, kuma ya ci gaba da gwaje-gwajensa. Ya ci gaba da ƙoƙarin gano kurakurai masu yiwuwa a cikinsu. Ya kasance yana nazarin abubuwan da ya halitta, kuma lokacin da ya gano wani rashi, sai ya yi farin ciki, domin a lokacin ne kawai, bisa ga maganarsa, zai iya gano wani sabon abu. Duk da haka, ba duk aikinsa ya kasance marar aibi ba. Hatta babban masassaƙin wani lokaci yana yanke kansa, kamar Ive s G4 Kube. An janye na ƙarshe da rashin kunya daga siyarwa saboda abokan ciniki ba su son biyan ƙarin don ƙira.
A zamanin yau, kusan wasu masu zanen kaya guda goma sha biyu suna aiki a cikin taron bitar Ivo, wanda babban mai zanen Apple ya zaba. Kiɗan da DJ Jon Digweed ya zaɓa yana kunna a bango akan ingantaccen tsarin sauti. Duk da haka, a zuciyar dukan tsarin zane wani nau'in fasaha ne mabanbanta, wato na'urori na zamani na 3D. Suna iya fitar da samfuran na'urorin Apple na gaba a kullun, wanda zai iya kasancewa wata rana a cikin gumakan jama'ar Cupertino na yanzu. Za mu iya kwatanta taron bitar Ivo a matsayin wani nau'i mai tsarki a cikin Apple. A nan ne sabbin samfuran ke ɗaukar siffar su ta ƙarshe. Mahimmanci anan shine akan kowane daki-daki - allunan babur zanen gado na aluminium wanda aka haɗa tare don samar da sanantattun hanyoyin samfuran kayan kwalliya kamar MacBook Air.
Ko da mafi ƙanƙanta dalla-dalla ana magana a cikin samfuran kansu. Masu zanen kaya sun damu da kowane samfurin a zahiri. Tare da ƙoƙarin haɗin gwiwa, suna cire abubuwan da ba su da yawa kuma suna warware har ma da mafi ƙanƙanta cikakkun bayanai - kamar alamun LED. Ive sau ɗaya ya shafe watanni a saman kawai iMac tsaye. Ya kasance yana neman wani nau'in kamala, wanda a ƙarshe ya samo a cikin sunflowers. Zane na ƙarshe shine haɗuwa da ƙarfe mai gogewa tare da magani mai tsada mai tsada na Laser, wanda ya haifar da kyakkyawan "kayan itace", wanda, duk da haka, da wuya kowa zai lura a cikin samfurin ƙarshe.
A fahimta, Ive ya kuma tsara mahaukata samfura da yawa waɗanda ba su taɓa barin bitarsa ba. Hatta waɗannan halittun duk da haka suna taimaka masa wajen kera sabbin kayayyaki. Yana aiki bisa tsarin tsarin juyin halitta, wato, abin da ya gaza nan da nan ya shiga cikin sharar, kuma yana farawa daga farko. Don haka, ya kasance an saba samun samfura da yawa da ake aiki da su a warwatse a cikin taron. A lokaci guda, waɗannan galibi gwaje-gwaje ne tare da kayan da har yanzu duniya ba ta shirya ba. Wannan kuma shine dalilin da ya sa ƙungiyar ƙira ta kasance a ɓoye ko da a cikin kamfanin.
Ive ba kasafai yake fitowa a bainar jama'a ba, ba kasafai yake yin tambayoyi ba. Lokacin da ya yi magana a wani wuri, kalmominsa sukan juya zuwa filin da yake ƙauna - zane. Ive ya yarda cewa ganin wani da fararen ƙwallo a kunnuwansa yana sa shi farin ciki. Koyaya, ya yarda cewa koyaushe yana mamakin ko za a iya inganta manyan belun kunne na Apple.
IMac
Bayan sake tsarawa a cikin 1997, Ive ya sami damar kawo babban samfurinsa na farko ga duniya - iMac - a cikin sabon yanayi. Kwamfuta mai zagaye da ɗimbin haske ta haifar da ɗan ƙaramin juyin juya hali a kasuwa, wanda kawai ya san irin wannan na'ura har zuwa yanzu. Ive ya shafe sa'o'i a cikin masana'antar alewa don kawai samun wahayi ga bambance-bambancen launi na mutum wanda zai nuna wa duniya cewa iMac ba kawai don aiki ba ne, har ma don nishaɗi. Ko da yake masu amfani sun iya soyayya da iMac a farkon gani, wannan kwamfutar tebur ba ta cika tsammanin Ayyukan Ayyuka ba dangane da kamala. Mouse na gaskiya ya yi kama da sabon kebul na kebul ya haifar da matsaloli.
Koyaya, ba da daɗewa ba Jony ya fahimci hangen nesa na Ayyuka kuma ya fara ƙirƙirar samfuran kamar yadda marigayi mai hangen nesa ya so su faɗuwar ƙarshe. Tabbacin shine na'urar kiɗan iPod, wanda ya ga hasken rana a cikin 2001. Wannan na'urar ce ta yi karo da ƙirar Ive da buƙatun Ayyuka a cikin tsari mai kyau da ƙarancin ƙira.
The iPod da kunno kai bayan PC zamanin
Daga iPod, Ive ya ƙirƙiri gaba ɗaya wanda ya ji sabo kuma yana da sauƙin sarrafawa. Ya yi tsayin daka don fahimtar abin da fasahar ke bayarwa sannan ya yi amfani da dukkan fasahar zanensa don haskaka ta. Sauƙaƙewa sannan wuce gona da iri shine mabuɗin nasara a kafofin watsa labarai. Wannan shine ainihin abin da Ive ke ƙirƙira tare da samfuran Apple. Suna bayyana mene ne ainihin manufarsu a cikin mafi kyawun siffa.
Ba duk nasarar ba za a iya dangana ga madaidaicin ƙirar Jony kuma mai ban sha'awa ita kaɗai. Amma duk da haka irin wannan dukiyar al'umma ba za a iya kwashe ba tare da shi ba, ji da dandano. A yau, mutane da yawa sun manta da wannan gaskiyar, amma MP3 audio compressing yana can tun kafin a gabatar da iPod a shekara ta 2001. Matsalar, duk da haka, ita ce ’yan wasan wancan lokacin sun kasance kamar batir na mota. Sun kasance daidai don ɗauka.
[yi mataki=”quote”] iPod Nano ya zazzage cikin sauƙi saboda Ive ya yi imanin cewa rufin kariya zai cutar da tsabtar ƙirar sa.[/do]
Ive da Apple daga baya sun matsar da iPod zuwa wasu ƙananan nau'ikan nau'ikan launuka daban-daban, a ƙarshe suna ƙara bidiyo da wasanni. Da zuwan iPhone a cikin 2007, sun ƙirƙiri sabuwar kasuwa don aikace-aikace marasa adadi na waɗannan wayoyi. Abu mai ban sha'awa game da iDevices shine cewa abokin ciniki yana shirye ya biya don cikakken zane. Abubuwan da Apple ke samu a halin yanzu sun tabbatar da hakan. Salon Ive mai sauƙi na iya juya wasu filastik da ƙarfe zuwa zinariya.
Koyaya, ba duk shawarar da Ivo ta yanke ba ne ke da fa'ida. Misali, iPod nano ya zazzage cikin sauƙi saboda Ive ya yi imanin cewa rufin kariya zai cutar da tsabtar ƙirar sa. Wani matsala mafi girma ya faru a cikin yanayin iPhone 4, wanda a ƙarshe ya haifar da abin da ake kira "Antennagate". Lokacin zayyana iPhone, ra'ayoyin Ive sun shiga cikin ƙa'idodin asali na yanayi - ƙarfe ba shine mafi dacewa kayan don sanya eriya kusa ba, igiyoyin lantarki ba su wuce ta saman ƙarfe.
IPhone na asali yana da tsiri na filastik a gefen ƙasa, amma Ive yana jin cewa wannan ya ɓace daga amincin ƙira kuma yana son tsiri na aluminum a kewayen gabaɗayan. Wannan bai yi aiki ba, don haka Ive ya ƙirƙira iPhone tare da band ɗin ƙarfe. Karfe kyakkyawan tallafi ne na tsari, yana da kyan gani kuma yana aiki azaman ɓangaren eriya. Amma domin tsiri na karfe ya zama wani bangare na eriya, sai ya sami dan karamin gibi a cikinsa. Duk da haka, idan mutum ya rufe shi da yatsa ko dabino, za a sami asarar sigina.
Injiniyoyin sun ƙirƙira madaidaicin sutura don hana hakan a wani yanki. Amma Ive sake ji cewa wannan zai adversely rinjayar da takamaiman bayyanar da goge karfe. Ko da Steve Jobs ya ji cewa injiniyoyi suna wuce gona da iri saboda wannan matsalar. Domin kawar da matsalar da aka bayar, Apple ya kira taron manema labarai na ban mamaki, inda ya sanar da cewa masu amfani da abin ya shafa za su karbi karar kyauta.
Faduwa da Tashi na Apple
A cikin kusan shekaru 20, yawancin wanda Jony Ive ya riga ya yi aiki a kamfanin, tallace-tallace na samfuran Apple ya ninka fiye da goma. A shekara ta 1992, ribar Apple Computer ta kai dalar Amurka miliyan 530 don sayar da kayayyaki masu yawa na tsaka-tsakin tsaka-tsaki zuwa ƙananan kayayyaki masu launin miya. Ta hanyar zayyana iMac na farko a cikin 1998 da magadansa da ba a fi so ba, iPod, iPhone da iPad, ya taimaka wajen mayar da Apple matsayinsa na ɗaya daga cikin kamfanoni masu daraja a duniya, tare da haɓaka sama da na Google da Microsoft. A cikin 2010 ya riga ya kasance dala biliyan 14 kuma shekara mai zuwa ma fiye da haka. Abokan ciniki suna shirye su jira dubun sa'o'i a cikin layi mara iyaka don siyan na'urar Apple.
Hannun jari a kasuwar hada-hadar hannayen jari ta New York akan Wall Street (NASDAQ) a halin yanzu sun kai kusan dala biliyan 550. Idan za mu tattara jerin kamfanoni masu daraja a duniya, Apple zai kasance a kan gaba. Ya sami damar tsallake ko da irin wannan babbar kasa kamar Exxon Mobil, wacce ke matsayi na biyu, da sama da dala biliyan 160. Kawai saboda sha'awa - An kafa kamfanonin Exxon da Mobil a cikin 1882 da 1911, Apple kawai a cikin 1976. Godiya ga babban darajar hannun jari, Jony Ive zai sami rawanin miliyan 500 a matsayin mai hannun jari kawai a gare su.
Ive yana da kima ga Apple. Shekaru goma na ƙarshe nasa ne. Tsarinsa na kamfanin Californian ya canza kowane masana'antu - daga kiɗa da talabijin, zuwa na'urorin hannu, zuwa kwamfutar tafi-da-gidanka da tebur. A yau, bayan mutuwar Steve Jobs, Ive yana da muhimmiyar rawa a Apple. Kodayake Tim Cook ƙwararren shugaban kamfanin ne, ba ya raba sha'awar ƙira da Steve Jobs ke yi. Ive shine mafi mahimmanci ga Apple saboda za mu iya la'akari da shi mafi mahimmanci da nasara mai zane a yau.
Abubuwan sha'awa
Ba mutane da yawa a Yammacin Duniya ba su sami damar ganin yadda ake yin takubban samurai na Japan ba. Dukkanin tsarin ana ɗaukarsa a matsayin mai tsarki a Japan kuma a lokaci guda yana ɗaya daga cikin ƴan fasahar gargajiya waɗanda har yanzu kimiyya da fasahar zamani ba su shafe su ba. Maƙeran Jafananci suna aiki da daddare don mafi kyawun yin hukunci daidai yanayin zafin ƙarfe, yayin da ƙirƙira su, narkewa da zafi suna samar da mafi daidaitaccen ruwan wukake. Tsawon tsayin daka da aiki yana ingiza karfen zuwa iyakarsa - wannan shi ne abin da Jonathan Ive ya so ya gani da idonsa. Ive yana samun ilimin koyaushe wanda zai ba shi damar kera mafi ƙarancin na'urorin lantarki a duniya. Kadan ne za su yi mamakin cewa yana shirye ya shafe sa'o'i 14 a cikin jirgin sama don saduwa da ɗaya daga cikin manyan maƙeran takuba na Japanawa - katana - a Japan.
[yi action=”quote”] Idan kun fahimci yadda ake yin wani abu, kun san komai game da shi.[/do]
An san Ive saboda sha'awar sa da tsarin alchemical na zahiri don ƙira. Har ila yau yana ƙoƙarin tura aiki da karafa zuwa iyakarsu. Shekara guda da ta wuce, Apple ya gabatar da sabuwar fasaharsa a lokacin, iPad 2. Ive da tawagarsa sun gina shi akai-akai, a wannan yanayin yana yanke karfe da silicon, har sai da ya zama siriri na uku kuma bai fi gram 100 haske ba. zamanin baya.
"Tare da MacBook Air, dangane da karafa, na yi nisa da aluminum kamar yadda kwayoyin za su ba mu damar tafiya," in ji Ive. Lokacin da yake magana game da iyakar bakin karfe, yana yin haka tare da sha'awar da ke canza dangantakarsa da zane. Ƙaunar kayan aiki da kuma isa ga "mafi girman gida," kamar yadda Ive ya kira iyaka, yana ba wa samfuran Apple kamanninsu na musamman.
"Idan kun fahimci yadda ake yin wani abu, kun san komai game da shi," in ji Ive. Lokacin da Steve Jobs ya yanke shawarar cewa ba ya son kawukan da ake iya gani, ƙwarewar aikin injiniyansa da taɓawa na hazaka sun sami hanyar gujewa su: Apple yana amfani da maganadisu don haɗa abubuwan haɗin gwiwa tare. Kamar yadda Jony Ive zai iya ƙauna a cikin ƙira, shi ma yana iya tsinewa - alal misali, yana ƙiyayya da ƙima mai son kai kuma ya kira shi "marasa hankali".
Halitta
Ive baya ɗaya daga cikin waɗancan masu zanen kaya waɗanda galibi suna amfana daga fa'ida da maganganun latsawa. Ya fi son ya sadaukar da kansa ga sana'arsa kuma ba ya da sha'awar musamman ga jama'a. Wannan shi ne ainihin abin da ke bayyana halayensa - hankalinsa yana mai da hankali ne a cikin bita, ba a cikin ɗakin studio ba.
Tare da Jony, yana da wuya a yanke hukunci inda aikin injiniya ya ƙare kuma ƙirar kanta ta fara a cikin samar da samfurin. Tsari ne mai ci gaba. Ya ci gaba da tunani akai-akai game da abin da ya kamata samfurin ya kasance sannan yana sha'awar fahimtarsa. Wannan shi ne ainihin abin da Ive ya kira "ci gaba da gaba da kiran aiki."
Robert Brunner, mutumin da ya yi hayar Ive zuwa Apple kuma tsohon shugaban ƙirar kamfanin, ya yi iƙirarin game da shi cewa "Tabbas Ive yana ɗaya daga cikin masu ƙera kayan lantarki mafi tasiri a yau. Shi ne mai zanen samfuran mabukaci ta kowace hanya, musamman ta fuskar siffofi masu zagaye, cikakkun bayanai, finesse da kayan, da kuma yadda zai iya haɗa duk waɗannan abubuwan kuma ya tura su zuwa samarwa kanta. mutanen da ke kusa da shi. Ko da yake ya fi kama da ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa da tsokar tsokar sa, mutanen da suka san shi sun ce shi ne mafi alheri da ladabi da suka taɓa samun darajar haduwa.
iSir
A cikin Disamba 2011, Jonathan Ive ya kasance baƙar fata don "sabis don ƙira da kasuwanci". Duk da haka, ba a yi ba tukuna ba sai watan Mayu na wannan shekara. Gimbiya Anne ta yi bikin ne a fadar Buckingham. Ive ya bayyana wannan karramawar a matsayin: "mai ban sha'awa sosai" kuma ya kara da cewa hakan yana sa shi "mai kaskantar da kai da kuma godiya matuka."
Labari mai kyau sosai, na gode da shi!
Cikakke. Na gode da labarin. :)
Labari mai kyau sosai. :)
Labari mai kyau. Abin kunya kawai game da buga rubutu. Da gaske suna da yawa a wannan lokacin. :-/
Babban karatu, na gode
Nasiha ga Jony: sanya belun kunne ya ɗan ƙarami, ba su dace da kunnuwana ba :-)
Tukwici a gare ku: siyan wani.
Babban labarin. Godiya.
Ina kuma shiga, labari mai kyau sosai, Ina son ƙarin irin wannan;)
Daga karce zuwa tauraro cikin sauƙi da sauri. Babban labarin, godiya.
Ba zan ce tafiya ce mai sauƙi da sauri ba.
Hawaye na zuwa idon mutum. :-) Duniya tana da ban mamaki, godiya ga mutane kamar Ive.