Rufe talla

Shekarar 2014 ta kasance alama da manyan batutuwa da yawa waɗanda suka shafi Apple da duniya da ke kewaye da shi. Babban jami'in gudanarwar kamfanin apple yana canzawa, kamar yadda yake a cikin kayan aikin sa, kuma Tim Cook da abokan aikinsa suma sun fuskanci shari'a fiye da ɗaya ko shari'a. Waɗanne muhimman abubuwa ne 2014 ya kawo?

Apple Tim Cook

Kasancewar Apple ba Steve Jobs yake mulki ba, yana nuni da wata falsafar daban wajen kera sabbin kayayyaki da kuma sauye-sauyen da manyan jami’an Apple suka samu a watanni goma sha biyu da suka gabata. Shugaban Kamfanin Tim Cook yanzu yana da wata tawaga a kusa da shi wanda da alama ya amince da shi gaba daya, kuma ya cika manyan mukamai da yawa da "nasa" mutane. 'Yar asalin Alabama ba ta manta da batun lokacin yin canje-canjen ma'aikata ba bambancin ma'aikata, watau lamarin da a farkon shekara tattauna.

A cikin kunkuntar da'irar manajoji waɗanda ke tafiyar da Apple, manyan canje-canje biyu sun faru. Bayan shekaru goma masu nasara sosai ya yi ritaya CFO Peter Oppenheimer da Cook a matsayin magajinsa ya zaɓi ƙwararren Luca Maestri, wanda ya fara aiki a watan Yuni. Za mu iya la'akari da shi wani mahimmin canji - a kalla daga ra'ayi na abokin ciniki, wanda ya kamata ya sami tasiri mafi girma. sabuwar shugabar dillalai da tallace-tallace ta kan layi, Angela Ahrendts.

Mahaifiyar 'yar shekara hamsin da hudu da haihuwa ta yi nasarar sarrafa gidan kayan gargajiya na Burberry tsawon shekaru takwas, amma ta kasa yin tir da tayin yin aiki a Apple. Tun kafin fara aikinsa a hukumance a Cupertino a watan Mayu ta yi nasarar lashe lambar yabo ta Daular Burtaniya. Duk da yake a wannan shekara, Ahrendtsová a fili ya saba da sabon yanayin gaba daya, inda maimakon shahararrun riguna na mahara dole ne ta ba da kanta ga iPhones da iPads, a cikin 2015 za mu iya ganin ainihin tasirin ayyukanta. Sabuwar Apple Watch, alal misali, za ta ci gaba da siyarwa, wanda zai iya zama bene na Ahrendts - yana haɗa duniyar fasaha tare da salon.

Tim Cook ya nuna goyon baya ga bambancin ma'aikata da goyon baya ga 'yan tsiraru a duk shekara, kuma ya nuna shi a watan Agusta gabatar da manyan mataimakan shugaban kasa guda biyar a gidan yanar gizon kamfanin, wanda babu rashi mata biyu, daya ko da bakar fata. A lokaci guda, kafin zuwan Ahrendts, Apple ba shi da wani wakilin jima'i mafi kyau a cikin gudanarwa na ciki. Tun zamanin mulkin Steve Jobs kadan daga cikin manyan mutane ne kawai suka rage a wuri guda. Kuma ko da yake ba a yi maganar sosai ba, amma hukumar gudanarwar tana da muhimmanci ga babban daraktan, musamman ma ta fuskar amana, inda a nan ne kwamitin gudanarwar na da muhimmanci ga babban daraktan gudanarwa. Mamba mafi dadewa mai suna Bill Campbell, an maye gurbinsa da wata mace mai suna Sue Wagner.

A cikin 2014, Tim Cook ba kawai ya ƙarfafa kamfaninsa tare da daidaikun mutane ba, amma a koyaushe yana samun sabbin kamfanoni, ɓoye gwaninta ko ta wata hanyar fasaha mai ban sha'awa. Sannan bam na Mayu game da siye mafi girma a tarihin Apple ya fita gaba ɗaya daga layi, lokacin ya sayi Beats akan dala biliyan uku. Wannan kuma ya sa Cook ya bambanta da magabacinsa, lokacin da yake kamfani ɗaya ya kashe sau bakwai fiye da kowane lokaci. Amma dalilan karya bankin piggy suka samu; ban da babban babban fayil ɗin samfuran samfuran tare da tambarin Beats, Apple da farko ya sami maza biyu - Jimmy Iovine kuma Dr. Dre - wanda tabbas ba ya shirin yin wasa na biyu ga Apple.

Ta hanyar tarho, har yanzu akwai wani canji da za a ambata wanda zai iya canza bayyanar Apple bisa ga ra'ayoyin Tim Cook: da dadewa shugabar PR Katie Cotton, wanda ya shahara saboda rashin daidaituwar yanayin da yake nunawa ga 'yan jarida. Steve Dowling ya maye gurbinsa. Muhimman halayen ƙarshe da Apple ya samu a cikin shekarar da ta gabata sannan ya nada Marc Newson, Kusa da Jony Ive, ɗaya daga cikin masu zanen kaya da aka fi girmamawa a yau.

Software bazara a matsayin farawa

Duk da yake yawancin canje-canjen da aka ambata an yi su don kiyaye Cupertino apple colossus yana gudana kamar aikin agogo, mai amfani na ƙarshe ba zai lura da su duka ba. Yana da sha'awar sakamako na ƙarshe kawai, watau iPhone, iPad, MacBook ko wani samfurin tare da tambarin apple cizon. Dangane da wannan, Apple ba ya aiki a wannan shekara ko da yake ya sa magoya bayansa su jira tsawon watanni don samun sabbin kayayyaki. A watan Afrilu ko da yake sabon MacBook Airs sun iso, amma wannan shi ne kusan duk abin da ya sauka a kan shelves daga Apple a farkon watanni biyar.

Taron mai haɓaka na watan Yuni na al'ada a WWDC ya kawo girgizar ƙasa a ma'anar sabbin kayayyaki. Har zuwa lokacin, mu kawai Tim Cook i Eddy Cue sun ba da tabbacin cewa Apple yana shirya irin waɗannan manyan kayayyaki kamar, alal misali, na ƙarshen bai taɓa gani ba a cikin dogon aikinsa a Apple. A lokaci guda kuma, labarai na Yuni wani nau'in haɗi ne kawai, samfuran software ne kawai aka gabatar. Apple v iOS 8 ya nuna cewa yana shirye ya kara buɗewa a ƙarƙashin Tim Cook, koda kuwa babban sha'awar rani a watan Satumba ya ƙare. lokacin da aka saki sabon tsarin aiki na wayar hannu ta hanyar asali halaka tsawaitawa matsaloli, wanda a ƙarshe ya ba da gudummawa ga jinkirin karɓar iOS 8, wanda ba mafi kyau duka ba har yanzu ba

Ya fi santsi isowa i farkon kaka na sabon tsarin aiki don Mac OS X Yosemite, wanda ya kawo babban canji na hoto tare da layin iOS, sabbin ayyuka da yawa kuma masu alaƙa da iOS da kuma ingantaccen aikace-aikacen asali. A karon farko a tarihi, ku ma kuna yi masu amfani za su iya gwada sabon tsarin aiki kafin a sake shi a hukumance ga jama'a.

Juyin juya halin wayar hannu yana zuwa

A lokacin bukukuwan bazara, Apple ya bar magoya bayansa su sake numfashi. Duk da haka, shi da kansa ba ya aiki kuma ya sanar da haɗin gwiwa mai ban mamaki amma mai tsananin buri tare da IBM da nufin mamaye harkokin kamfanoni. Akalla a takarda ya yi kama da yarjejeniya a matsayin kawance mai fa'ida ga bangarorin biyu, wanda kuma shugabannin kamfanonin biyu suka yi iƙirarin. A watan Disamba, Apple da IBM sun nuna sakamakon farko na hadin gwiwarsu. A cikin shekarar, Apple ya kuma haifar da farin ciki a kasuwannin hannayen jari - a watan Mayu, farashin kowane kaso ya sake haye darajar dala 600, ta yadda a cikin watanni shida kacal, darajar kasuwar Apple. ya karu da kusan dala biliyan 200. A lokacin, hannayen jarin Apple ba su kai irin waɗannan ƙima ba saboda aka raba.

A lokacin bazara da kuma bayan WWDC, Apple na al'ada shiru duk da haka ya yanke shawarar cewa kaka, kamar yadda na gargajiya, guguwar sabbin kayayyaki za ta fara da wuri fiye da yadda aka saba. Babban abin ya faru ne a ranar 9 ga Satumba. Bayan shekaru na kin amincewa, Apple ya shiga halin yanzu a cikin sashin wayar hannu kuma ya gabatar da iPhone tare da babban nuni, har ma da iPhones guda biyu a lokaci guda - 4,7-inch iPhone 6 a 5,5-inch iPhone 6 Plus. Duk da cewa Apple - musamman Steve Jobs - yana da'awar cewa wayar da ta fi inci hudu shirme ce, Tim Cook da abokan aikinsa sun yi zabi mai kyau. Bayan kwanaki uku na tallace-tallace, Apple ya sanar da lambobin rikodin: An sayar da miliyan 10 iPhone 6 da 6 Plus.

Tare da sabon jerin wayoyi, Apple ya ɗauki matakin da ba a taɓa ganin irinsa ba dangane da adadin sabbin samfura da girman nunin su, kodayake a cewar Cook, mafi girman diagonals a cikin Cupertino. tunani shekaru da suka wuce. Yana da mahimmanci, duk da haka, cewa irin wannan babbar wayar Apple ba ta kai ga abokin ciniki ba har yanzu, amma an yi sa'a ba a makara ba. IPhone 6 Plus ya kawo sabon hangen nesa ko da ƙaramin ɗan'uwansa, iPhone 6, ya nuna cewa akwai abubuwa da yawa da za a zaɓa daga cikin menu na Apple a wannan shekara kuma. A zahiri ina yi wadannan sune mafi kyawun wayoyi, cewa Apple ya taba samar.

Kodayake sabbin iPhones sun kasance babban batu, aƙalla an mai da hankali sosai ga kashi na biyu na jigon watan Satumba. Bayan hasashe mara iyaka, Apple a ƙarshe yakamata ya gabatar da samfurin sabon nau'in. A ƙarshe, don wannan lokacin, a karon farko tun bayan mutuwar Steve Jobs, Tim Cook ya kai ga saƙon almara "Ƙarin abu ɗaya..." kuma nan da nan ya nuna. Apple Watch.

Da gaske nuni ne kawai - Apple ya yi nisa da shirya samfurin sa da ake tsammani, don haka a nan muke dalsi a cikakken bayani game da Watch suna koyo kawai a cikin sauran shekara. Apple Watch ba zai ci gaba da sayarwa ba har sai farkon watanni na 2015, don haka har yanzu ba a iya yanke hukunci ko zai haifar da wani juyin juya hali ba. Amma Tim Cook ne gamsuwa, cewa Steve Jobs yana son sabon kayan haɗi, kamar yadda kamfanin kuma ya yi niyyar yi da Watch ɗin sa ba, ya so

Duk da haka, ko da babban labari na uku dole ne kada ya fadi daga taron na Satumba. Apple kuma - sake bayan shekaru da yawa na hasashe - ya shiga kasuwar hada-hadar kudi har ma da o apple Pay babu sha'awar kafofin watsa labaru kamar na iPhones ko Watch, yuwuwar wannan dandali yana da yawa.

Ƙarshen zamani

Tun da Apple yana so ya fara sabon babi a cikin tarihinsa tare da sabis na Biya, Watch da kuma sabon iPhones, tabbas tattaunawar ta ƙare. Domin sadaukarwa A yanzu wurin hutawa iPod classic ya ragu, wanda da zarar ya taimaka Apple ya tashi zuwa saman. Nasa aiki na shekara goma sha uku za a rubuta a cikin wani font da ba za a iya sharewa a cikin tarihin apple.

A Apple, duk da haka, tabbas za su so shi idan an tuna da iPad kuma ta wata hanya mai mahimmanci daga baya. Shi ya sa na gaba da wani sabon ya zo a cikin Oktoba iPad Air 2 godiya ga slimming juyin juya halin ya zama mafi kyawun kwamfutar hannu tukuna. An kuma gabatar da shi iPad mini 3, amma Apple ya kawar da shi kuma yana yiwuwa ba ya ƙidaya shi a nan gaba.

Irin wannan rashin jin daɗi ya yi galaba a tsakanin mutane da yawa tare da sabbin waɗanda aka gabatar Mac mini. An daɗe ana jiran sabuntawar sa, amma aƙalla dangane da aiki idan aka kwatanta da ƙarni na baya ya tsananta. Akasin haka, shine abin da ya kama idon mai fan apple iMac tare da Retina 5K nuni. Tabbas Apple zai so ya tabbatar da shi sosai tallace-tallace mai karfi na kwamfutocin su.

Tim Cook bayan aiki Satumba da Oktoba ya bayyana, cewa injin ƙirƙira a Apple bai taɓa yin ƙarfi ba. In ba haka ba shugaban Apple wanda ke rufe ya nuna ƙarfin cikinsa a ƙarshen Oktoba, lokacin a cikin buɗaɗɗen wasiƙa ya bayyana cewa shi dan luwadi ne. Duk da haka, shekara ta 2014 ta kawo ba kawai murmushi ga lebban Cook ba, har ma da wrinkles fiye da sau ɗaya.

Kotuna, shari'a da sauran shari'o'i

Wannan shekarar ma ta kasance mai tsayi takaddama tsakanin Apple da Samsung, inda aka yi yaƙi don haƙƙin mallaka kuma sama da duk ka'idodin cewa kamfanin Koriya ta Kudu ya kwafi na Amurka. Aƙalla bisa ga iƙirarin Apple. Ko da a na biyu ya kasance babban rikici hukunci a cikin ni'imar Apple, amma shari'ar ta yi nisa kuma za ta ci gaba har zuwa shekara mai zuwa. Akalla a wasu kasashe, haka abin yake ba zai kasance ba. Sauran kararrakin da kotuna suka yi a karshen shekarar sun kasance mafi ban sha'awa.

Batun haɓaka farashin e-littattafai ta hanyar wucin gadi ya kai ga kotun daukaka kara, wadda za ta yanke hukunci nan da watanni masu zuwa, amma a zaman da aka yi a watan Disamba ya bayyana cewa. kwamitin alkalai uku ya fi dacewa su goyi bayan Apple fiye da bangaren Ma'aikatar Shari'a ta Amurka, wacce aka yanke shawarar tun farko. Ko da mafi nasara ga lauyoyin Apple shine babban taron kotu na uku na shekara - iPods, iTunes da kuma music kariya. Ya ƙare a watan Disamba kuma alkalan sun kasance baki ɗaya ta yanke shawara, cewa Apple bai tsunduma a cikin wani haramtacciyar hanya.

Daga wani ɗan daban daban, amma kuma babban rashin jin daɗi, Apple kuma ya yi maganinsa wajen samarwa da samar da kayayyaki. Lokacin da ya ba da sanarwar wata babbar yarjejeniya da GT Advanced Technologies shekara guda da ta wuce, wanda ya kamata ya samar wa kamfanin isasshiyar gilashin sapphire don samfuran nan gaba, kaɗan ba wanda ya san cewa a cikin 'yan watanni GTAT. ya bayyana fatarar kudi. Ta kasance ga Apple duk halin da ake ciki ba dadi saboda yadda aka yi ta yada shi da kuma nuna shi a matsayin mai kakkausar murya, wanda ba ya son yin ciniki.

Kuma a ƙarshe, ko da wani "sanannen" bai tsere daga Apple ba kofa, ko kuma karar da kafafen yada labarai suka rura wutar. IPhone 6 Plus ya kamata ya lanƙwasa ga sabbin masu shi a cikin aljihu kuma ko da yake a ƙarshe matsalar ba ta kai haka ba da babbar wayar apple se bai yi ta kowace hanya da ba za a iya faɗi ba, na kwanaki da yawa Apple ya sake kasancewa cikin haske. Saboda haka ma ya ba da kallo 'yan jarida zuwa dakunan gwaje-gwajensu da duk bayanan abin da ake kira bendgate yana da ban sha'awa sosai.

Za mu iya yin imani cewa shekarar 2015 za ta kasance mai aiki iri ɗaya ga Apple a matsayin wacce ke ƙarewa.

Photo: Kafofin watsa labarai na Fortune Live, Andy Ihnatko, Huang StephenKārlis Dambrāns, Jon Fingas
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